From e7ddffb84b4e22bac001b156b2efdfaba1973728 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Doron Behar <doron.behar@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 23 Jan 2026 15:41:12 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 1/3] *Buttons: share self._buttons_xs

---
 lib/matplotlib/widgets.py | 7 ++++---
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/widgets.py b/lib/matplotlib/widgets.py
index c9c5a79ae3a3..7096019bfc58 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/widgets.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/widgets.py
@@ -1057,6 +1057,7 @@ def __init__(self, ax, labels, *, useblit=True, label_props=None, **kwargs):
 
         self._useblit = useblit
 
+        self._buttons_xs = [0.15] * len(labels)
         self._buttons_ys = np.linspace(1, 0, len(labels)+2)[1:-1]
 
         label_props = _expand_text_props(label_props)
@@ -1219,7 +1220,7 @@ def _init_props(self, text_size, actives, frame_props, check_props):
         frame_props.setdefault('facecolor', frame_props.get('color', 'none'))
         frame_props.setdefault('edgecolor', frame_props.pop('color', 'black'))
         self._frames = self.ax.scatter(
-            [0.15] * len(self._buttons_ys),
+            self._buttons_xs,
             self._buttons_ys,
             **frame_props,
         )
@@ -1236,7 +1237,7 @@ def _init_props(self, text_size, actives, frame_props, check_props):
         }
         check_props.setdefault('facecolor', check_props.pop('color', 'black'))
         self._buttons = self.ax.scatter(
-            [0.15] * len(self._buttons_ys),
+            self._buttons_xs,
             self._buttons_ys,
             **check_props
         )
@@ -1746,7 +1747,7 @@ def _init_props(self, text_size, active, activecolor, radio_props):
         radio_props.setdefault('facecolor',
                                radio_props.pop('color', activecolor))
         self._buttons = self.ax.scatter(
-            [.15] * len(self._buttons_ys),
+            self._buttons_xs,
             self._buttons_ys,
             **radio_props,
         )

From f6273a0faffe0234c5ba14251814966a0ac0b49d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Doron Behar <doron.behar@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 23 Jan 2026 16:41:36 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] _Buttons: take layout logic to a dedicated _init function

---
 lib/matplotlib/tests/test_widgets.py |  3 +--
 lib/matplotlib/widgets.py            | 23 +++++++++++++----------
 2 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_widgets.py b/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_widgets.py
index ea1bdbe27f23..5a4569ae95cb 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_widgets.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_widgets.py
@@ -1229,8 +1229,7 @@ def test__buttons_callbacks(ax, widget):
         "button_press_event",
         ax,
         ax.transData.inverted().transform(ax.transAxes.transform(
-            # (x, y) of the 0th button defined at
-            # `{Check,Radio}Buttons._init_props`
+            # (x, y) of the 0th button defined at `_Buttons._init_layout`
             (0.15, 0.5),
         )),
         1,
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/widgets.py b/lib/matplotlib/widgets.py
index 7096019bfc58..64a960727256 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/widgets.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/widgets.py
@@ -1057,16 +1057,7 @@ def __init__(self, ax, labels, *, useblit=True, label_props=None, **kwargs):
 
         self._useblit = useblit
 
-        self._buttons_xs = [0.15] * len(labels)
-        self._buttons_ys = np.linspace(1, 0, len(labels)+2)[1:-1]
-
-        label_props = _expand_text_props(label_props)
-
-        self.labels = [
-            ax.text(0.25, y, label, transform=ax.transAxes,
-                    horizontalalignment="left", verticalalignment="center",
-                    **props)
-            for y, label, props in zip(self._buttons_ys, labels, label_props)]
+        self._init_layout(labels, label_props)
         text_size = np.array([text.get_fontsize() for text in self.labels]) / 2
 
         self._init_props(text_size, **kwargs)
@@ -1077,6 +1068,18 @@ def __init__(self, ax, labels, *, useblit=True, label_props=None, **kwargs):
 
         self._observers = cbook.CallbackRegistry(signals=["clicked"])
 
+    def _init_layout(self, labels, label_props):
+        self._buttons_xs = [0.15] * len(labels)
+        self._buttons_ys = np.linspace(1, 0, len(labels)+2)[1:-1]
+
+        label_props = _expand_text_props(label_props)
+
+        self.labels = [
+            self.ax.text(0.25, y, label, transform=self.ax.transAxes,
+                    horizontalalignment="left", verticalalignment="center",
+                    **props)
+            for y, label, props in zip(self._buttons_ys, labels, label_props)]
+
     def _init_props(self, text_size, **kwargs):
         raise NotImplementedError("This method should be defined in subclasses")
 

From 0cc8ba593179dcde6f955664a4398963955552a6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Doron Behar <doron.behar@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 24 Jan 2026 22:28:17 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 3/3] *Buttons: support more layouts

---
 .../next_whats_new/radio_buttons_2d_grid.rst  |  54 ++++++
 .../examples/widgets/radio_buttons_grid.py    |  73 ++++++++
 .../test_widgets/check_radio_grid_buttons.png | Bin 0 -> 22050 bytes
 lib/matplotlib/tests/test_widgets.py          |  23 +++
 lib/matplotlib/widgets.py                     | 160 ++++++++++++++++--
 lib/matplotlib/widgets.pyi                    |   2 +
 6 files changed, 297 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 doc/release/next_whats_new/radio_buttons_2d_grid.rst
 create mode 100644 galleries/examples/widgets/radio_buttons_grid.py
 create mode 100644 lib/matplotlib/tests/baseline_images/test_widgets/check_radio_grid_buttons.png

diff --git a/doc/release/next_whats_new/radio_buttons_2d_grid.rst b/doc/release/next_whats_new/radio_buttons_2d_grid.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3840eb69211e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/release/next_whats_new/radio_buttons_2d_grid.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+RadioButtons and CheckButtons widgets support flexible layouts
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The `.widgets.RadioButtons` and `.widgets.CheckButtons` widgets now support
+arranging buttons in different layouts via the new *layout* parameter. You can
+arrange buttons vertically (default), horizontally, or in a 2D grid by passing
+a ``(rows, cols)`` tuple.
+
+See :doc:`/gallery/widgets/radio_buttons_grid` for a ``(rows, cols)`` example.
+
+.. plot::
+    :include-source: true
+    :alt: Multiple sine waves with checkboxes to toggle their visibility.
+
+    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+    import numpy as np
+    from matplotlib.widgets import CheckButtons
+
+    t = np.arange(0.0, 2.0, 0.01)
+    s0 = np.sin(2*np.pi*t)
+    s1 = np.sin(4*np.pi*t)
+    s2 = np.sin(6*np.pi*t)
+    s3 = np.sin(8*np.pi*t)
+
+    fig, axes = plt.subplot_mosaic(
+        [['main'], ['buttons']],
+        height_ratios=[8, 1],
+        layout="constrained",
+    )
+
+    l0, = axes['main'].plot(t, s0, lw=2, color='red', label='2 Hz')
+    l1, = axes['main'].plot(t, s1, lw=2, color='green', label='4 Hz')
+    l2, = axes['main'].plot(t, s2, lw=2, color='blue', label='6 Hz')
+    l3, = axes['main'].plot(t, s3, lw=2, color='purple', label='8 Hz')
+    axes['main'].set_xlabel('Time (s)')
+    axes['main'].set_ylabel('Amplitude')
+
+    lines_by_label = {l.get_label(): l for l in [l0, l1, l2, l3]}
+
+    axes['buttons'].set_facecolor('0.9')
+    check = CheckButtons(
+        axes['buttons'],
+        labels=lines_by_label.keys(),
+        actives=[l.get_visible() for l in lines_by_label.values()],
+        layout='horizontal'
+    )
+
+    def callback(label):
+        ln = lines_by_label[label]
+        ln.set_visible(not ln.get_visible())
+        fig.canvas.draw_idle()
+
+    check.on_clicked(callback)
+    plt.show()
diff --git a/galleries/examples/widgets/radio_buttons_grid.py b/galleries/examples/widgets/radio_buttons_grid.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1f6199b8e06a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/galleries/examples/widgets/radio_buttons_grid.py
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+"""
+==================
+Radio Buttons Grid
+==================
+
+Using radio buttons in a 2D grid layout.
+
+Radio buttons can be arranged in a 2D grid by passing a ``(rows, cols)``
+tuple to the *layout* parameter. This is useful when you have multiple
+related options that are best displayed in a grid format rather than a
+vertical list.
+
+In this example, we create a color picker using a 2D grid of radio buttons
+to select the line color of a plot.
+"""
+
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+import numpy as np
+
+from matplotlib.widgets import RadioButtons
+
+# Generate sample data
+t = np.arange(0.0, 2.0, 0.01)
+s = np.sin(2 * np.pi * t)
+
+fig, (ax_plot, ax_buttons) = plt.subplots(
+    1,
+    2,
+    figsize=(8, 4),
+    width_ratios=[4, 1.4],
+)
+
+# Create initial plot
+(line,) = ax_plot.plot(t, s, lw=2, color="red")
+ax_plot.set_xlabel("Time (s)")
+ax_plot.set_ylabel("Amplitude")
+ax_plot.set_title("Sine Wave - Click a color!")
+ax_plot.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
+
+# Configure the radio buttons axes
+ax_buttons.set_facecolor("0.9")
+ax_buttons.set_title("Line Color", fontsize=12, pad=10)
+# Create a 2D grid of color options (3 rows x 2 columns)
+colors = ["red", "yellow", "green", "purple", "brown", "gray"]
+radio = RadioButtons(ax_buttons, colors, layout=(3, 2))
+
+
+def color_func(label):
+    """Update the line color based on selected button."""
+    line.set_color(label)
+    fig.canvas.draw()
+
+
+radio.on_clicked(color_func)
+
+plt.show()
+
+# %%
+#
+# .. admonition:: References
+#
+#    The use of the following functions, methods, classes and modules is shown
+#    in this example:
+#
+#    - `matplotlib.widgets.RadioButtons`
+#
+# .. tags::
+#
+#    styling: color
+#    styling: conditional
+#    plot-type: line
+#    level: intermediate
+#    purpose: showcase
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/tests/baseline_images/test_widgets/check_radio_grid_buttons.png b/lib/matplotlib/tests/baseline_images/test_widgets/check_radio_grid_buttons.png
new file mode 100644
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HcmV?d00001

diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_widgets.py b/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_widgets.py
index 5a4569ae95cb..0ac24dc8e8e4 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_widgets.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_widgets.py
@@ -1164,6 +1164,29 @@ def test_radio_buttons_props(fig_test, fig_ref):
     cb.set_radio_props({**radio_props, 's': (24 / 2)**2})
 
 
+@image_comparison(['check_radio_grid_buttons.png'], style='mpl20', remove_text=True)
+def test_radio_grid_buttons():
+    fig = plt.figure()
+    rb_horizontal = widgets.RadioButtons(
+        fig.add_axes((0.1, 0.05, 0.65, 0.05)),
+        ["tea", "coffee", "chocolate milk", "water", "soda", "coke"],
+        layout='horizontal',
+        active=4,
+    )
+    cb_grid = widgets.CheckButtons(
+        fig.add_axes((0.1, 0.15, 0.25, 0.05*3)),
+        ["Chicken", "Salad", "Rice", "Sushi", "Pizza", "Fries"],
+        layout=(3, 2),
+        actives=[True, True, False, False, False, True],
+    )
+    rb_vertical = widgets.RadioButtons(
+        fig.add_axes((0.1, 0.35, 0.2, 0.05*4)),
+        ["Trinity Cream", "Cake", "Ice Cream", "Muhallebi"],
+        layout='vertical',
+        active=3,
+    )
+
+
 def test_radio_button_active_conflict(ax):
     with pytest.warns(UserWarning,
                       match=r'Both the \*activecolor\* parameter'):
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/widgets.py b/lib/matplotlib/widgets.py
index 64a960727256..b4ddbe9f24cb 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/widgets.py
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/widgets.py
@@ -1048,7 +1048,8 @@ class _Buttons(AxesWidget):
     public on the subclasses.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, ax, labels, *, useblit=True, label_props=None, **kwargs):
+    def __init__(self, ax, labels, *, useblit=True, label_props=None, layout=None,
+                 **kwargs):
         super().__init__(ax)
 
         ax.set_xticks([])
@@ -1057,7 +1058,7 @@ def __init__(self, ax, labels, *, useblit=True, label_props=None, **kwargs):
 
         self._useblit = useblit
 
-        self._init_layout(labels, label_props)
+        self._init_layout(layout, labels, label_props)
         text_size = np.array([text.get_fontsize() for text in self.labels]) / 2
 
         self._init_props(text_size, **kwargs)
@@ -1068,17 +1069,98 @@ def __init__(self, ax, labels, *, useblit=True, label_props=None, **kwargs):
 
         self._observers = cbook.CallbackRegistry(signals=["clicked"])
 
-    def _init_layout(self, labels, label_props):
-        self._buttons_xs = [0.15] * len(labels)
-        self._buttons_ys = np.linspace(1, 0, len(labels)+2)[1:-1]
+    def _init_layout(self, layout, labels, label_props):
 
         label_props = _expand_text_props(label_props)
 
+        if layout is None:
+            # legacy hard-coded vertical layout
+            self._buttons_xs = [0.15] * len(labels)
+            self._buttons_ys = np.linspace(1, 0, len(labels)+2)[1:-1]
+            self.labels = [
+                self.ax.text(0.25, y, label, transform=self.ax.transAxes,
+                        horizontalalignment="left", verticalalignment="center",
+                        **props)
+                for y, label, props in zip(self._buttons_ys, labels, label_props)]
+            return
+
+        # New layout algorithm with text measurement
+        # Parse layout parameter
+        n_labels = len(labels)
+        match layout:
+            case "vertical":
+                n_rows, n_cols = n_labels, 1
+            case "horizontal":
+                n_rows, n_cols = 1, n_labels
+            case (int() as n_rows, int() as n_cols):
+                if n_rows * n_cols < n_labels:
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        f"layout {layout} has {n_rows * n_cols} positions but "
+                        f"{n_labels} labels were provided"
+                    )
+            case _:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "layout must be None, 'vertical', 'horizontal', or a (rows, cols) "
+                    f"tuple; got {layout!r}")
+
+        # Define spacing in points for DPI-independent sizing
+        fig = self.ax.get_figure(root=False)
+        axes_width_display = 72 * self.ax.bbox.transformed(
+            fig.dpi_scale_trans.inverted()
+        ).width
+        left_margin_display = 11  # points
+        button_text_offset_display = 5.5  # points
+        col_spacing_display = 11  # points
+
+        # Convert to axes coordinates
+        left_margin = left_margin_display / axes_width_display
+        button_text_offset = button_text_offset_display / axes_width_display
+        col_spacing = col_spacing_display / axes_width_display
+
+        # Create text objects to measure widths.
+        # We create Text objects directly rather than using ax.text() since we're
+        # only measuring them and only later add them to the axes.
         self.labels = [
-            self.ax.text(0.25, y, label, transform=self.ax.transAxes,
-                    horizontalalignment="left", verticalalignment="center",
-                    **props)
-            for y, label, props in zip(self._buttons_ys, labels, label_props)]
+            mtext.Text(0, 0, text=label, transform=self.ax.transAxes,
+                       horizontalalignment="left", verticalalignment="center",
+                       **props)
+            for label, props in zip(labels, label_props)
+        ]
+        # Set figure reference so Text objects can access figure properties
+        for text in self.labels:
+            text.set_figure(fig)
+        # Calculate max text width per column (in axes coordinates)
+        renderer = self.ax.figure.canvas.get_renderer()
+        inv_trans = fig.dpi_scale_trans.inverted()
+        col_widths = [
+            max(
+                (
+                    text.get_window_extent(renderer).transformed(inv_trans).width * 72
+                    for text in self.labels[col_idx::n_cols]
+                ),
+                default=0,
+            )
+            / axes_width_display
+            for col_idx in range(n_cols)
+        ]
+
+        # Center rows vertically in the axes
+        ys_per_row = np.linspace(1, 0, n_rows + 2)[1:-1]
+        # Calculate x positions based on text widths
+        col_x_positions = [left_margin]  # First column starts at left margin
+        for col_idx in range(n_cols - 1):
+            col_x_positions.append(
+                col_x_positions[-1] +
+                button_text_offset +
+                col_widths[col_idx] +
+                col_spacing
+            )
+        label_idx = np.arange(n_labels)
+        self._buttons_xs = np.take(col_x_positions, label_idx % n_cols)
+        self._buttons_ys = ys_per_row[label_idx // n_cols]
+        for text, x, y in zip(self.labels, self._buttons_xs, self._buttons_ys):
+            text.set_position((x + button_text_offset, y))
+            self.ax.add_artist(text)
 
     def _init_props(self, text_size, **kwargs):
         raise NotImplementedError("This method should be defined in subclasses")
@@ -1165,7 +1247,7 @@ class CheckButtons(_Buttons):
         The text label objects of the check buttons.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, ax, labels, actives=None, *, useblit=True,
+    def __init__(self, ax, labels, actives=None, *, layout=None, useblit=True,
                  label_props=None, frame_props=None, check_props=None):
         """
         Add check buttons to `~.axes.Axes` instance *ax*.
@@ -1179,6 +1261,30 @@ def __init__(self, ax, labels, actives=None, *, useblit=True,
         actives : list of bool, optional
             The initial check states of the buttons. The list must have the
             same length as *labels*. If not given, all buttons are unchecked.
+        layout : None or "vertical" or "horizontal" or (int, int), default: None
+            The layout of the check buttons. Options are:
+
+            - ``None``: Use legacy vertical layout (default).
+            - ``"vertical"``: Arrange buttons in a single column with
+              dynamic positioning based on text widths.
+            - ``"horizontal"``: Arrange buttons in a single row with
+              dynamic positioning based on text widths.
+            - ``(rows, cols)`` tuple: Arrange buttons in a grid with the
+              specified number of rows and columns. Buttons are placed
+              left-to-right, top-to-bottom with dynamic positioning.
+
+            The layout options "vertical", "horizontal" and ``(rows, cols)``
+            create ``mtext.Text`` objects to determine exact text sizes, and
+            then they are added to the Axes. This is usually okay, but may cause
+            side-effects and has a slight performance impact. Therefore the
+            default ``None`` value avoids this.
+
+            .. admonition:: Provisional
+                The new layout options are provisional. Their algorithmic
+                behavior, including the exact positions of buttons and labels,
+                may still change without prior warning.
+
+            .. versionadded:: 3.11
         useblit : bool, default: True
             Use blitting for faster drawing if supported by the backend.
             See the tutorial :ref:`blitting` for details.
@@ -1208,9 +1314,9 @@ def __init__(self, ax, labels, actives=None, *, useblit=True,
         _api.check_isinstance((dict, None), label_props=label_props,
                               frame_props=frame_props, check_props=check_props)
 
-        super().__init__(ax, labels, useblit=useblit, label_props=label_props,
-                         actives=actives, frame_props=frame_props,
-                         check_props=check_props)
+        super().__init__(ax, labels, layout=layout, useblit=useblit,
+                         label_props=label_props, actives=actives,
+                         frame_props=frame_props, check_props=check_props)
 
     def _init_props(self, text_size, actives, frame_props, check_props):
         frame_props = {
@@ -1671,7 +1777,7 @@ class RadioButtons(_Buttons):
         The index of the selected button.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, ax, labels, active=0, activecolor=None, *,
+    def __init__(self, ax, labels, active=0, activecolor=None, *, layout=None,
                  useblit=True, label_props=None, radio_props=None):
         """
         Add radio buttons to an `~.axes.Axes`.
@@ -1687,6 +1793,30 @@ def __init__(self, ax, labels, active=0, activecolor=None, *,
         activecolor : :mpltype:`color`
             The color of the selected button. The default is ``'blue'`` if not
             specified here or in *radio_props*.
+        layout : None or "vertical" or "horizontal" or (int, int), default: None
+            The layout of the radio buttons. Options are:
+
+            - ``None``: Use legacy vertical layout (default).
+            - ``"vertical"``: Arrange buttons in a single column with
+              dynamic positioning based on text widths.
+            - ``"horizontal"``: Arrange buttons in a single row with
+              dynamic positioning based on text widths.
+            - ``(rows, cols)`` tuple: Arrange buttons in a grid with the
+              specified number of rows and columns. Buttons are placed
+              left-to-right, top-to-bottom with dynamic positioning.
+
+            The layout options "vertical", "horizontal" and ``(rows, cols)``
+            create ``mtext.Text`` objects to determine exact text sizes, and
+            then they are added to the Axes. This is usually okay, but may cause
+            side-effects and has a slight performance impact. Therefore the
+            default ``None`` value avoids this.
+
+            .. admonition:: Provisional
+                The new layout options are provisional. Their algorithmic
+                behavior, including the exact positions of buttons and labels,
+                may still change without prior warning.
+
+            .. versionadded:: 3.11
         useblit : bool, default: True
             Use blitting for faster drawing if supported by the backend.
             See the tutorial :ref:`blitting` for details.
@@ -1726,7 +1856,7 @@ def __init__(self, ax, labels, active=0, activecolor=None, *,
         else:
             activecolor = 'blue'  # Default.
         super().__init__(ax, labels, useblit=useblit, label_props=label_props,
-                         active=active, activecolor=activecolor,
+                         active=active, layout=layout, activecolor=activecolor,
                          radio_props=radio_props)
 
         self._activecolor = activecolor
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/widgets.pyi b/lib/matplotlib/widgets.pyi
index eba73ea45e24..a80ed8bf8274 100644
--- a/lib/matplotlib/widgets.pyi
+++ b/lib/matplotlib/widgets.pyi
@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ class CheckButtons(AxesWidget):
         labels: Sequence[str],
         actives: Iterable[bool] | None = ...,
         *,
+        layout: None | Literal["vertical", "horizontal"] | tuple[int, int] = None,
         useblit: bool = ...,
         label_props: dict[str, Sequence[Any]] | None = ...,
         frame_props: dict[str, Any] | None = ...,
@@ -210,6 +211,7 @@ class RadioButtons(AxesWidget):
         active: int = ...,
         activecolor: ColorType | None = ...,
         *,
+        layout: None | Literal["vertical", "horizontal"] | tuple[int, int] = None,
         useblit: bool = ...,
         label_props: dict[str, Sequence[Any]] | None = ...,
         radio_props: dict[str, Any] | None = ...,